演讲稿也叫演讲词，它是在较为隆重的仪式上和某些公众场合发表的讲话文稿。那么你知道演讲稿如何写吗？下面是小编帮大家整理的优秀演讲稿模板范文，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
最新ted演讲稿中英对照怎么写一
there are differing accounts of what actually happened that afternoon, butsince my sister is not here with us today, let me tell you the true story --(laughter) -- which is my sister's a little bit on the clumsy side. somehow,without any help or push from her older brother at all, suddenly amy disappearedoff of the top of the bunk bed and landed with this crash on the floor. now inervously peered over the side of the bed to see what had befallen my fallensister and saw that she had landed painfully on her hands and knees on all fourson the ground.
i was nervous because my parents had charged me with making sure that mysister and i played as safely and as quietly as possible. and seeing as how ihad accidentally broken amy's arm just one week before ... (laughter) ...heroically pushing her out of the way of an oncoming imaginary sniper bullet,(laughter) for which i have yet to be thanked, i was trying as hard as i could-- she didn't even see it coming -- i was trying as hard as i could to be on mybest behavior.
and i saw my sister's face, this wail of pain and suffering and surprisethreatening to erupt from her mouth and threatening to wake my parents from thelong winter's nap for which they had settled. so i did the only thing my littlefrantic seven year-old brain could think to do to avert this tragedy. and if youhave children, you've seen this hundreds of times before. i said, "amy, amy,wait. don't cry. don't cry. did you see how you landed? no human lands on allfours like that. amy, i think this means you're a unicorn."
(laughter)
now that was cheating, because there was nothing in the world my sisterwould want more than not to be amy the hurt five year-old little sister, but amythe special unicorn. of course, this was an option that was open to her brain atno point in the past. and you could see how my poor, manipulated sister facedconflict, as her little brain attempted to devote resources to feeling the painand suffering and surprise she just e_perienced, or contemplating her new-foundidentity as a unicorn. and the latter won out. instead of crying, instead ofceasing our play, instead of waking my parents, with all the negativeconsequences that would have ensued for me, instead a smile spread across herface and she scrambled right back up onto the bunk bed with all the grace of ababy unicorn ... (laughter) ... with one broken leg.
what we stumbled across at this tender age of just five and seven -- we hadno idea at the time -- was something that was going be at the vanguard of ascientific revolution occurring two decades later in the way that we look at thehuman brain. what we had stumbled across is something called positivepsychology, which is the reason that i'm here today and the reason that i wakeup every morning.
when i first started talking about this research outside of academia, outwith companies and schools, the very first thing they said to never do is tostart your talk with a graph. the very first thing i want to do is start my talkwith a graph. this graph looks boring, but this graph is the reason i gete_cited and wake up every morning. and this graph doesn't even mean anything;it's fake data. what we found is --
(laughter)
if i got this data back studying you here in the room, i would be thrilled,because there's very clearly a trend that's going on there, and that means thati can get published, which is all that really matters. the fact that there's oneweird red dot that's up above the curve, there's one weirdo in the room -- iknow who you are, i saw you earlier -- that's no problem. that's no problem, asmost of you know, because i can just delete that dot. i can delete that dotbecause that's clearly a measurement error. and we know that's a measurementerror because it's messing up my data.
so one of the very first things we teach people in economics and statisticsand business and psychology courses is how, in a statistically valid way, do weeliminate the weirdos. how do we eliminate the outliers so we can find the lineof best fit? which is fantastic if i'm trying to find out how many advil theaverage person should be taking -- two. but if i'm interested in potential, ifi'm interested in your potential, or for happiness or productivity or energy orcreativity, what we're doing is we're creating the cult of the average withscience.
if i asked a question like, "how fast can a child learn how to read in aclassroom?" scientists change the answer to "how fast does the average childlearn how to read in that classroom?" and then we tailor the class right towardsthe average. now if you fall below the average on this curve, then psychologistsget thrilled, because that means you're either depressed or you have a disorder,or hopefully both. we're hoping for both because our business model is, if youcome into a therapy session with one problem, we want to make sure you leaveknowing you have 10, so you keep coming back over and over again. we'll go backinto your childhood if necessary, but eventually what we want to do is make younormal again. but normal is merely average.
and what i posit and what positive psychology posits is that if we studywhat is merely average, we will remain merely average. then instead of deletingthose positive outliers, what i intentionally do is come into a population likethis one and say, why? why is it that some of you are so high above the curve interms of your intellectual ability, athletic ability, musical ability,creativity, energy levels, your resiliency in the face of challenge, your senseof humor? whatever it is, instead of deleting you, what i want to do is studyyou. because maybe we can glean information -- not just how to move people up tothe average, but how we can move the entire average up in our companies andschools worldwide.
the reason this graph is important to me is, when i turn on the news, itseems like the majority of the information is not positive, in fact it'snegative. most of it's about murder, corruption, diseases, natural very quickly, my brain starts to think that's the accurate ratio of negativeto positive in the world. what that's doing is creating something called themedical school syndrome -- which, if you know people who've been to medicalschool, during the first year of medical training, as you read through a list ofall the symptoms and diseases that could happen, suddenly you realize you haveall of them.
i have a brother in-law named bobo -- which is a whole other story. bobomarried amy the unicorn. bobo called me on the phone from yale medical school,and bobo said, "shawn, i have leprosy." (laughter) which, even at yale, ise_traordinarily rare. but i had no idea how to console poor bobo because he hadjust gotten over an entire week of menopause.
(laughter)
see what we're finding is it's not necessarily the reality that shapes us,but the lens through which your brain views the world that shapes your if we can change the lens, not only can we change your happiness, we canchange every single educational and business outcome at the same time.
when i applied to harvard, i applied on a dare. i didn't e_pect to get in,and my family had no money for college. when i got a military scholarship twoweeks later, they allowed me to go. suddenly, something that wasn't even apossibility became a reality. when i went there, i assumed everyone else wouldsee it as a privilege as well, that they'd be e_cited to be there. even ifyou're in a classroom full of people smarter than you, you'd be happy just to bein that classroom, which is what i felt. but what i found there is, while somepeople e_perience that, when i graduated after my four years and then spent thene_t eight years living in the dorms with the students -- harvard asked me to; iwasn't that guy. (laughter) i was an officer of harvard to counsel studentsthrough the difficult four years. and what i found in my research and myteaching is that these students, no matter how happy they were with theiroriginal success of getting into the school, two weeks later their brains werefocused, not on the privilege of being there, nor on their philosophy or theirphysics. their brain was focused on the competition, the workload, the hassles,the stresses, the complaints.
when i first went in there, i walked into the freshmen dining hall, whichis where my friends from waco, te_as, which is where i grew up -- i know some ofyou have heard of it. when they'd come to visit me, they'd look around, they'dsay, "this freshman dining hall looks like something out of hogwart's from themovie "harry potter," which it does. this is hogwart's from the movie "harrypotter" and that's harvard. and when they see this, they say, "shawn, why do youwaste your time studying happiness at harvard? seriously, what does a harvardstudent possibly have to be unhappy about?"
embedded within that question is the key to understanding the science ofhappiness. because what that question assumes is that our e_ternal world ispredictive of our happiness levels, when in reality, if i know everything aboutyour e_ternal world, i can only predict 10 percent of your long-term happiness.90 percent of your long-term happiness is predicted not by the e_ternal world,but by the way your brain processes the world. and if we change it, if we changeour formula for happiness and success, what we can do is change the way that wecan then affect reality. what we found is that only 25 percent of job successesare predicted by i.q. 75 percent of job successes are predicted by your optimismlevels, your social support and your ability to see stress as a challengeinstead of as a threat.
i talked to a boarding school up in new england, probably the mostprestigious boarding school, and they said, "we already know that. so everyyear, instead of just teaching our students, we also have a wellness week. andwe're so e_cited. monday night we have the world's leading e_pert coming in tospeak about adolescent depression. tuesday night it's school violence andbullying. wednesday night is eating disorders. thursday night is elicit druguse. and friday night we're trying to decide between risky se_ or happiness."(laughter) i said, "that's most people's friday nights." (laughter) (applause)which i'm glad you liked, but they did not like that at all. silence on thephone. and into the silence, i said, "i'd be happy to speak at your school, butjust so you know, that's not a wellness week, that's a sickness week. whatyou've done is you've outlined all the negative things that can happen, but nottalked about the positive."
the absence of disease is not health. here's how we get to health: we needto reverse the formula for happiness and success. in the last three years, i'vetraveled to 45 different countries, working with schools and companies in themidst of an economic downturn. and what i found is that most companies andschools follow a formula for success, which is this: if i work harder, i'll bemore successful. and if i'm more successful, then i'll be happier. thatundergirds most of our parenting styles, our managing styles, the way that wemotivate our behavior.
and the problem is it's scientifically broken and backwards for tworeasons. first, every time your brain has a success, you just changed thegoalpost of what success looked like. you got good grades, now you have to getbetter grades, you got into a good school and after you get into a betterschool, you got a good job, now you have to get a better job, you hit your salestarget, we're going to change your sales target. and if happiness is on theopposite side of success, your brain never gets there. what we've done is we'vepushed happiness over the cognitive horizon as a society. and that's because wethink we have to be successful, then we'll be happier.
but the real problem is our brains work in the opposite order. if you canraise somebody's level of positivity in the present, then their braine_periences what we now call a happiness advantage, which is your brain atpositive performs significantly better than it does at negative, neutral orstressed. your intelligence rises, your creativity rises, your energy levelsrise. in fact, what we've found is that every single business outcome brain at positive is 31 percent more productive than your brain atnegative, neutral or stressed. you're 37 percent better at sales. doctors are 19percent faster, more accurate at coming up with the correct diagnosis whenpositive instead of negative, neutral or stressed. which means we can reversethe formula. if we can find a way of becoming positive in the present, then ourbrains work even more successfully as we're able to work harder, faster and moreintelligently.
what we need to be able to do is to reverse this formula so we can start tosee what our brains are actually capable of. because dopamine, which floods intoyour system when you're positive, has two functions. not only does it make youhappier, it turns on all of the learning centers in your brain allowing you toadapt to the world in a different way.
we've found that there are ways that you can train your brain to be able tobecome more positive. in just a two-minute span of time done for 21 days in arow, we can actually rewire your brain, allowing your brain to actually workmore optimistically and more successfully. we've done these things in researchnow in every single company that i've worked with, getting them to write downthree new things that they're grateful for for 21 days in a row, three newthings each day. and at the end of that, their brain starts to retain a patternof scanning the world, not for the negative, but for the positive first.
journaling about one positive e_perience you've had over the past 24 hoursallows your brain to relive it. e_ercise teaches your brain that your behaviormatters. we find that meditation allows your brain to get over the cultural adhdthat we've been creating by trying to do multiple tasks at once and allows ourbrains to focus on the task at hand. and finally, random acts of kindness areconscious acts of kindness. we get people, when they open up their inbo_, towrite one positive email praising or thanking somebody in their social supportnetwork.
and by doing these activities and by training your brain just like we trainour bodies, what we've found is we can reverse the formula for happiness andsuccess, and in doing so, not only create ripples of positivity, but create areal revolution.
thank you very much.
(applause)
最新ted演讲稿中英对照怎么写二
imagine a big explosion as you climb through 3,000 ft. imagine a plane full of smoke. imagine an engine going clack, clack, clack, clack, clack, clack, clack. it sounds scary.
想像一个大爆炸，当你在三千多英尺的高空;想像机舱内布满黑烟，想像引擎发出喀啦、喀啦、喀啦、喀啦、喀啦的声响，听起来很可怕。
well i had a unique seat that day. i was sitting in 1d. i was the only one who can talk to the flight attendants. so i looked at them right away, and they said, "no problem. we probably hit some birds." the pilot had already turned the plane around, and we weren't that far. you could see manhattan.
那天我的位置很特別，我坐在1d，我是唯一可以和空服员说话的人，于是我立刻看着他们，他们说，“没问题，我们可能撞上鸟了。” 机长已经把机头转向，我们离目的地很近，已经可以看到曼哈顿了。
two minutes later, 3 things happened at the same time. the pilot lines up the plane with the hudson river. that's usually not the route. he turns off the engines. now imagine being in a plane with no sound. and then he says 3 words-the most unemotional 3 words i've ever heard. he says, "brace for impact."
两分钟以后，三件事情同时发生：机长把飞机对齐哈德逊河，一般的航道可不是这样。他关上引擎。想像坐在一架没有声音的飞机上。然后他说了几个字，我听过最不带情绪的几个字，他说，“即将迫降，小心冲击。”
i didn't have to talk to the flight attendant anymore. i could see in her eyes, it was terror. life was over.
我不用再问空服员什么了。我可以在她眼神里看到恐惧，人生结束了。
now i want to share with you 3 things i learned about myself that day.
现在我想和你们分享那天我所学到的三件事。
i leant that it all changes in an instant. we have this bucket list, we have these things we want to do in life, and i thought about all the people i wanted to reach out to that i didn't, all the fences i wanted to mend, all the experiences i wanted to have and i never did. as i thought about that later on, i came up with a saying, which is, "collect bad wines". because if the wine is ready and the person is there, i'm opening it. i no longer want to postpone anything in life. and that urgency, that purpose, has really changed my life.
在那一瞬间内，一切都改变了。我们的人生目标清单，那些我们想做的事，所有那些我想联络却没有联络的人，那些我想修补的围墙，人际关系，所有我想经历却没有经历的事。之后我回想那些事，我想到一句话，那就是，“我收藏的酒都很差。” 因为如果酒已成熟，分享对象也有，我早就把把酒打开了。我不想再把生命中的任何事延后，这种紧迫感、目标性改变了我的生命。
the second thing i learnt that day - and this is as we clear the george washington bridge, which was by not a lot - i thought about, wow, i really feel one real regret, i've lived a good life. in my own humanity and mistaked, i've tired to get better at everything i tried. but in my humanity, i also allow my ego to get in. and i regretted the time i wasted on things that did not matter with people that matter. and i thought about my relationship with my wife, my friends, with people. and after, as i reflected on that, i decided to eliminate negative energy from my life. it's not perfect, but it's a lot better. i've not had a fight with my wife in 2 years. it feels great. i no longer try to be right; i choose to be happy.
那天我学到的第二件事是，正当我们通过乔治华盛顿大桥，那也没过多久，我想，哇，我有一件真正后悔的事。虽然我有人性缺点，也犯了些错，但我生活得其实不错。我试着把每件事做得更好。但因为人性，我难免有些自我中心，我后悔竟然花了许多时间，和生命中重要的人讨论那些不重要的事。我想到我和妻子、朋友及人们的关系，之后，回想这件事时，我决定除掉我人生中的负面情绪。还没完全做到，但确实好多了。过去两年我从未和妻子吵架，感觉很好，我不再尝试争论对错，我选择快乐。
the third thing i learned - and this's as you mental clock starts going, "15, 14, 13." you can see the water coming. i'm saying, "please blow up." i don't want this thing to break in 20 pieces like you've seen in those documentaries. and as we're coming down, i had a sense of, wow, dying is not scary. it's almost like we've been preparing for it our whole lives .but it was very sad. i didn't want to go. i love my life. and that sadness really framed in one thought, which is, i only wish for one thing. i only wish i could see my kids grow up.
我所学到的第三件事是，当你脑中的始终开始倒数“15，14，13”，看到水开始涌入，心想，“拜托爆炸吧!” 我不希望这东西碎成20片，就像纪录片中看到的那样。当我们逐渐下沉，我突然感觉到，哇，死亡并不可怕，就像是我们一生一直在为此做准备，但很令人悲伤。我不想就这样离开，我热爱我的生命。这个悲伤的主要来源是，我只期待一件事，我只希望能看到孩子长大。
about a month later, i was at a performance by my daugter - first-grade, not much artistic talent... yet. and i 'm balling, i'm crying, like a little kid. and it made all the sense in the world to me. i realized at that point by connecting those two dots, that the only thing that matters in my life is being a great dad. above all, above all, the only goal i have in life is to be a good dad.
一个月后，我参加女儿的表演，她一年级，没什么艺术天份，就算如此。我泪流满面，像个孩子，这让我的世界重新有了意义。当当时我意识到，将这两件事连接起来，其实我生命中唯一重要的事，就是成为一个好父亲，比任何事都重要，比任何事都重要，我人生中唯一的目标就是做个好父亲。
i was given the gift of a miracle, of not dying that day. i was given another gift, which was to be able to see into the future and come back and live differently.
那天我经历了一个奇迹，我活下來了。我还得到另一个启示，像是看见自己的未来再回來，改变自己的人生。
i challenge you guys that are flying today, imagine the same thing happens on your plane - and please don't - but imagine, and how would you change? what would you get done that you're waiting to get done because you think you'll be here forever? how would you change your relationtships and the negative energy in them? and more than anything, are you being the best parent you can?
我鼓励今天要坐飞机的各位，想像如果你坐的飞机出了同样的事，最好不要-但想像一下，你会如何改变?有什么是你想做却没做的，因为你觉得你有其它机会做它?你会如何改变你的人际关系，不再如此负面?最重要的是，你是否尽力成为一个好父母?
thank you.
谢谢。
最新ted演讲稿中英对照怎么写三
a young idler,an old beggar
almost everyone knows the famous chinese saying：a young idler，an old beggar. throughout history，we have seen many cases in which this saying has again and again proved to be true.
it goes without saying that the youth is the best time of life，during which one's mental and physical states are at their peaks. it takes relatively less time and pains to learn or accept new things in a world full of changes and rapid developments. in addition，one is less likely to be under great pressure from career，family and health problems when young. therefore，a fresh mind plus enormous energy will ensure success in different aspects of life.
of course，we all know：no pains，no gains. if we don't make every effort to make good use of the advantages youth brings us，it is impossible to achieve any goals. as students，we should now try our best to learn all the subjects well so that we can be well prepared for the challenges that we will face in the future.
译文
少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲
几乎所有人都知道中国有一句老话:少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲.通过阅读历史,我们从一个又一个的案例当中得知,这句话被证实是真确的.
不用说都知道,在青年时期,人的智力和身体状况都是一生中最好的,这也是一个人一生中最好的时期.在这个处处都不停地转变,飞快地发展的世界里,年轻使人相对地用更少的时间去学习和领悟新知.在这时,很少人会困在从事业上来的压力下,家庭和健康问题也比较小(就是说不是没有--译者).所以,一个清醒的脑袋加上巨大的能量就会成就人生中不同方面的成功.
当然,我们都知道:没有挫折就没有获得.如果我们没有好好努力去利用年轻带给我们的优胜之处,那就没有可能获得任何的成功.作为中学生,我们应该做到最好去学好每一个科目,这样的话,我们就可以为将来即将面对的挑战做好准备.
最新ted演讲稿中英对照怎么写四
ted演讲稿
ted是世界知名的演讲节目，在ted的演讲上我们常常可以看到来自世界各国的名人们在节目上做的引人深思的精彩演讲。下面让我们一起从ted演讲稿中学习如何写精彩的演讲稿。
几年前，一个活动策划人打电话给我， 因为我当时要做一个演讲。 她在电话里说：“我真很苦恼该如何在宣传单上介绍你。” 我心想怎么会苦恼呢? 她继续道：“你看，我听过你的演讲，我觉得我可以称你为研究者，可我担心的是，如果我这么称呼你，没人会来听，因为大家普遍认为研究员很无趣而且脱离现实。”然后她说：“但是我喜欢你的演讲，就跟讲故事一样很吸引人。我想来想去，还是觉得称你为讲故事的人比较妥当。”而那个做学术的感到不安的我脱口而出道：“你要叫我什么?”她说：“我要称你为讲故事的人。”我心想：“为什么不干脆叫魔法小精灵?”(笑声)我说：“让我考虑一下。”我试着鼓起勇气。
我对自己说，我是一个讲故事的人。我是一个从事定性研究的科研人员。我收集故事——这就是我的工作。或许故事就是有灵魂的数据。或许我就是一个讲故事的人。于是我说：“听着， 要不你就称我为做研究兼讲故事的人。”她说：“哈哈，没这么个说法呀。”所以我是个做研究兼讲故事的人，我今天想跟大家谈论的——我们要谈论的话题是关于拓展认知。我想给你们讲几个故事是关于我的一份研究的，这份研究从本质上拓宽了我个人的认知，也确确实实改变了我生活、爱、工作还有教育孩子的方式。
1、关系是我们活着的原因
我的故事从这里开始。当我还是个年轻的博士研究生的时候，第一年，有位研究教授对我们说：“事实是这样的，如果有一个东西你无法测量，那么它就不存在。”我心想他只是在哄哄我们这些小孩子吧。我说：“真的么?”他说：“当然。”你得知道我有一个社会工作的学士文凭，一个社会工作的硕士文凭，我在读的是一个社会工作的博士文凭，所以我整个学术生涯都被人所包围，他们大抵相信生活是一团乱麻，接受它。而我的观点则倾向于，生活是一团乱麻，解开它，把它整理好，再归类放入便当盒里。
我觉得我领悟到了关键，有能力去创一番事业，让社会工作的一个重要理念是置身于工作的不适中。我就是要把这不适翻个底朝天每科都拿到a。这就是我当时的信条。我当时真的是跃跃欲试。我想这就是我要的职业生涯，因为我对乱成一团，难以处理的课题感兴趣。我想要把它们弄清楚。我想要理解它们。我想侵入那些我知道是重要的东西把它们摸透，然后用浅显易懂的方式呈献给每一个人。
所以我的起点是“关系”。因为当你从事了10年的社会工作，你必然会发现关系是我们活着的原因。它赋予了我们生命的意义。就是这么简单。无论你跟谁交流工作在社会执法领域的也好，负责精神健康、虐待和疏于看管领域的也好我们所知道的是，关系是种感应的能力--生物神经上，我们是这么被设定的--这就是为什么我们在这儿。所以我就从关系开始。下面这个场景我们再熟悉不过了，你的上司给你作工作评估，她告诉了你37点你做得相当棒的地方，还有一点成长的空间?
然后你满脑子都想着那一点成长的空间，不是么。这也是我研究的一个方面，因为当你跟人们谈论爱情，他们告诉你的是一件让他们心碎的事。当你跟人们谈论归属感，他们告诉你的是最让他们痛心的被排斥的经历。当你跟人们谈论关系，他们跟我讲的是如何被断绝关系的故事。
所以很快的--在大约开始研究这个课题6周以后——我遇到了这个前所未闻的'东西，它揭示了关系以一种我不理解也从没见过的方式。所以我暂停了原先的研究计划，对自己说，我得弄清楚这到底是什么。它最终被鉴定为耻辱感。耻辱感很容易理解，即害怕被断绝关系。有没有一些关于我的事如果别人知道了或看到了，会认为我不值得交往。我要告诉你们的是：这种现象很普遍;我们都会有(这种想法)。
没有体验过耻辱的人不具有人类的同情或关系。没人想谈论自己的糗事，你谈论的越少，你越感到可耻。滋生耻辱感的是一种“我不够好。”的心态--我们都知道这是个什么滋味：“我不够什么。我不够苗条，不够有钱，不够漂亮，不够聪明，职位不够高。”而支撑这种心态的是一种刻骨铭心的脆弱，关键在于要想产生关系，我们必须让自己被看见，真真切切地被看见。
2、我恨脆弱!
你知道我怎么看待脆弱，我恨它。所以我思考着，这次是轮到我用我的标尺击溃它的时候了。我要闯进去，把它弄清楚，我要花一年的时间，彻底瓦解耻辱，我要搞清楚脆弱是怎么运作的，然后我要智取胜过它。所以我准备好了，非常兴奋。跟你预计的一样，事与愿违。(笑声)你知道这个(结果)。我能告诉你关于耻辱的很多东西，但那样我就得占用别人的时间了。但我在这儿可以告诉你，归根到底这也许是我学到的最重要的东西在从事研究的数十年中。我预计一年变成了六年，成千上万的故事，成百上千个采访，焦点集中。有时人们发给我期刊报道，发给我他们的故事--不计其数的数据，就在这六年中。我大概掌握了它。
我大概理解了这就是耻辱，这就是它的运作方式。我写了本书，我出版了一个理论，但总觉得哪里不对劲——它其实是如果我粗略地把我采访过的人分成具有自我价值感的人——说到底就是自我价值感。他们勇于去爱并且拥有强烈的归属感。另一部分则是为之苦苦挣扎的人，总是怀疑自己是否足够好的人。
区分那些敢于去爱并拥有强烈归属感的人和那些为之而苦苦挣扎的人的变量只有一个。那些敢于去爱并拥有强烈归属感的人相信他们值得被爱，值得享有归属感。就这么简单。他们相信自己的价值。而对于我，那个阻碍人与人之间关系的最困难的部分是我们对于自己不值得享有这种关系的恐惧，无论从个人，还是职业上我都觉得我有必要去更深入地了解它。所以接下来我找出所有的采访记录找出那些体现自我价值的，那些持有这种观念的记录，集中研究它们。
这群人有什么共同之处?我对办公用品有点痴迷，但这是另一个话题了。我有一个牛皮纸文件夹，还有一个三福极好笔，我心想我该怎么给这项研究命名呢?第一个蹦入我脑子的是全心全意这个词。这是一群全心全意，靠着一种强烈的自我价值感在生活的人们。所以我在牛皮纸夹的上端这样写道，而后我开始查看数据。事实上，我开始是用四天时间集中分析数据，我从头找出那些采访，找出其中的故事和事件。主题是什么?有什么规律?我丈夫带着孩子离开了小镇，因为我老是陷入像杰克逊.波洛克(美国近代抽象派画家)似的疯狂状态，我一直在写，完全沉浸在研究的状态中。下面是我的发现：这些人的共同之处在于勇气。我想在这里先花一分钟跟大家区分一下勇气和胆量。
勇气，最初的定义，当它刚出现在英文里的时候--是从拉丁文cor，意为心，演变过来的--最初的定义是真心地叙述一个故事，告诉大家你是谁的。所以这些人就具有勇气承认自己不完美。他们具有同情心，先是对自己的，再是对他人的，事实是，我们如果不能善待自己，我们也无法善待他人。最后一点，他们都能和他人建立关系，这是很难做到的，前提是他们必须坦诚，他们愿意放开自己设定的那个理想的自我以换取真正的自我，这是赢得关系的必要条件。
他们还有另外一个共同之处那就是，他们全然接受脆弱。他们相信让他们变得脆弱的东西也让他们变得美丽。他们不认为脆弱是寻求舒适，也不认为脆弱是钻心的疼痛--正如我之前在关于耻辱的采访中听到的。他们只是简单地认为脆弱是必须的。他们会谈到愿意说出"我爱你"，愿意做些没有的事情，愿意等待医生的电话，在做完乳房x光检查之后。他们愿意为情感投资，无论有没有结果。他们觉得这些都是最根本的。
3、是灵魂觉醒，还是精神崩溃?
我当时认为那是背叛。我无法相信我尽然对科研宣誓效忠——研究的定义是控制(变量)预测去研究现象，为了一个明确的目标，去控制并预测。而我现在的使命即控制并预测却给出了这样一个结果：要想与脆弱共存就得停止控制，停止预测于是我崩溃了。它确实是我称它为崩溃，我的心理医生称它为灵魂的觉醒。
灵魂的觉醒当然比精神崩溃要好听很多，但我跟你说那的确是精神崩溃。然后我不得不暂且把数据放一边，去求助心理医生。你知道你是谁当你打电话跟你朋友说：“我觉得我需要跟人谈谈。你有什么好的建议吗?”因为我大约有五个朋友这么回答：“喔。我可不想当你的心理医生。”我说：“这是什么意思?”他们说：“我只是想说，别带上你的标尺来见我。”我说：“行。”
就这样我找到了一个心理医生。我跟她，戴安娜，的第一次见面--我带去了一份表单上面都是那些全身心投入生活的人的生活方式，然后我坐下了。她说：“你好吗?”我说：“我很好。还不赖。”她说：“发生了什么事?”这是一个治疗心理医生的心理医生，我们不得不去看这些心理医生，因为他们的废话测量仪很准(知道你什么时候在说真心话)。(笑声)所以我说：“事情是这样的。我很纠结。”她说：”你纠结什么?”
我其实很羡慕现在的大学生们，不是因为年轻，也不是因为漂亮，我羡慕是因为，在更年轻的时候，他们多数人比我顺利一些。
在十几年前，我因为在校外兼职拍广告，旷课超过了学校规定，被大学赶出来，那种感受就相当于，你跳伞跳到一半，发现伞包没了。我觉得我被摔得粉身粹骨，有一种死过一次的感觉。
我认为这就是我之所以为我的开始。如果没有那段令我耻辱不堪的经历，就不会有今天的我。活着的意义不仅仅是一个一个选择或者一个一个无奈，很多时候也是一个一个问题。可能因为有过死过一次的经历吧，所以那时，我最喜欢问的一个问题就是，人活着的意义究竟是什么?当时看了一本书叫《活着》，那本书里最后一段说，活着就是活着，活着本身没有任何意义。不过我想，也许活着的意义就是在追求活着的意义。听上去很拗口吧?如同前任特首曾荫权说的，香港的核心价值就是不断维护香港的核心价值。所以你看，其实大家都搞不明白什么是价值，什么是意义。
我有时候也会问，田朴珺又是谁呢?有时候呢，我常常觉得自己是楼下的那名保安小哥。因为他经常会问三个哲学问题，你是谁?你到哪里去?你要做什么? 我总是喜欢反复问自己，活着的意义是什么呢?从我的人生经历里体会到，活着的意义是让自己变得更美好，从而增加这个世界的美好。
如果没有被劝退那段令我耻辱不堪的经历，就不会有今天的我。我认为这是我对于生活意义追寻真正的开始，却是被动的，极不情愿的。常常有人说，这是命运跟你开的一个玩笑。而我不这么看，因为，这个玩笑也太大了点儿，这是我人生中第一次可以称为“惨烈失败”的经历。
总之，我希望从书中学到解决问题的办法，以度过那段耻辱的时光，那几个月不敢见人，走到地铁里，都低着头。那时，我日夜攻读《卡耐基人际关系学》，坐地铁看，坐公交看，坐马桶看，手不释卷，用句话说：这人魔怔了，为什么要看这本书?因为我要反思自己，是不是我的为人处世方式有问题?为什么那么多同学旷课，只处罚我，为什么我被处罚，没有一个老师替我说话，为什么我被处罚，没有一个同学出来挺我，不但没人挺我，说不定还会点赞。
既然正途把我赶出，我就走一条野路子吧，后来，我尝试过很多方式来寻找“什么是我想要的”。从那以后，我开始问自己到底想成为一个怎样的人。从学校出来之后，我到香港拍戏，开始了演员生涯，现在有人说那时的田朴珺是个二流演员，有人说是个三流演员，有人说是个八流演员，总之，这个不入流的演员，一边靠演戏生活，一边在地产公司学着跟合同，学着怎么谈成一个项目，怎么做个好的商人，学着怎么依靠自己，学着不依靠青春活下去，还要活得有尊严，还要活得有意义。
如同一个国家一样，每个人的历史构成了ta的现在。历史无处不在，站在你们面前的我，就是由我的历史构成的。这些被称为“人生经验”或者“人生经历”的东西，就是我的一个一个的小故事，也有人把这个叫做“成长”。这其中的一部分，编成了我今年出版的一本书《习惯就好》，这本书印刷之前，我拿到样书的设计封面和内文的时候，突然有个可怕的想法：这个人就是田朴珺么?不，绝对不是。这个书里的人，只是田朴珺想让你们看到的那个田朴珺，绝不是田朴珺本人。有谁知道，光是封面图片我就改了九次?
人生的意义是要自己更美好，那通过什么途径到达这种美好呢?我认为是“丰富性”和“可能性”。反过来会有人问，如何实现这种“丰富性”和“可能性”呢?去尽可能地增加经历，扩大心胸。胸大不大不重要，但是心胸一定要大，尤其是女孩儿。
2011年，我有了不错的积蓄。当我财务自由之后，我反而决定蹲下来，看看人生究竟还有多少种可能。就在所有人认为我将继续把地产生意做下去，我做了一个决定：放弃生意，去纽约。我想，既然，没有读完中国的大学，就在美国找个大学继续读吧。
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演讲稿具有逻辑严密，态度明确，观点鲜明的特点。在生活中，演讲稿在演讲中起到的作用越来越大，你所见过的演讲稿是什么样的呢？以下是小编为大家整理的ted英语演讲稿，希望对大家有所帮助。
what id like to do today is talk about one of my favorite subjects, and that is the neuroscience of sleep.
now, there is a sound -- (alarm clock) -- aah, it worked -- a sound that is desperately, desperately familiar to most of us, and of course its the sound of the alarm clock. and what that truly ghastly, awful sound does is stop the single most important behavioral experience that we have, and thats sleep. if youre an average sort of person, 36 percent of your life will be spent asleep, which means that if you live to 90, then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep.
now what that 32 years is telling us is that sleep at some level is important. and yet, for most of us, we dont give sleep a second thought. we throw it away. we really just dont think about sleep. and so what id like to do today is change your views, change your ideas and your thoughts about sleep. and the journey that i want to take you on, we need to start by going back in time.
"enjoy the honey-heavy dew of slumber." any ideas who said that? shakespeares julius caesar. yes, let me give you a few more quotes. "o sleep, o gentle sleep, natures soft nurse, how have i frighted thee?" shakespeare again, from -- i wont say it -- the scottish play. [correction: henry iv, part 2] (laughter) from the same time: "sleep is the golden chain that ties health and our bodies together." extremely prophetic, by thomas dekker, another elizabethan dramatist.
but if we jump forward 400 years, the tone about sleep changes somewhat. this is from thomas edison, from the beginning of the 20th century. "sleep is a criminal waste of time and a heritage from our cave days." bang. (laughter) and if we also jump into the 1980s, some of you may remember that margaret thatcher was reported to have said, "sleep is for wimps." and of course the infamous -- what was his name? -- the infamous gordon gekko from "wall street" said, "money never sleeps."
what do we do in the 20th century about sleep? well, of course, we use thomas edisons light bulb to invade the night, and we occupied the dark, and in the process of this occupation, weve treated sleep as an illness, almost. weve treated it as an enemy. at most now, i suppose, we tolerate the need for sleep, and at worst perhaps many of us think of sleep as an illness that needs some sort of a cure. and our ignorance about sleep is really quite profound.
why is it? why do we abandon sleep in our thoughts? well, its because you dont do anything much while youre asleep, it seems. you dont eat. you dont drink. and you dont have sex. well, most of us anyway. and so therefore its -- sorry. its a complete waste of time, right? wrong. actually, sleep is an incredibly important part of our biology, and neuroscientists are beginning to explain why its so very important. so lets move to the brain.
now, here we have a brain. this is donated by a social scientist, and they said they didnt know what it was, or indeed how to use it, so -- (laughter) sorry. so i borrowed it. i dont think they noticed. okay. (laughter)
the point im trying to make is that when youre asleep, this thing doesnt shut down. in fact, some areas of the brain are actually more active during the sleep state than during the wake state. the other thing thats really important about sleep is that it doesnt arise from a single structure within the brain, but is to some extent a network property, and if we flip the brain on its back -- i love this little bit of spinal cord here -- this bit here is the hypothalamus, and right under there is a whole raft of interesting structures, not least the biological clock. the biological clock tells us when its good to be up, when its good to be asleep, and what that structure does is interact with a whole raft of other areas within the hypothalamus, the lateral hypothalamus, the ventrolateral preoptic nuclei. all of those combine, and they send projections down to the brain stem here. the brain stem then projects forward and bathes the cortex, this wonderfully wrinkly bit over here, with neurotransmitters that keep us awake and essentially provide us with our consciousness. so sleep arises from a whole raft of different interactions within the brain, and essentially, sleep is turned on and off as a result of a range of
okay. so where have we got to? weve said that sleep is complicated and it takes 32 years of our life. but what i havent explained is what sleep is about. so why do we sleep? and it wont surprise any of you that, of course, the scientists, we dont have a consensus. there are dozens of different ideas about why we sleep, and im going to outline three of those.
the first is sort of the restoration idea, and its somewhat intuitive. essentially, all the stuff weve burned up during the day, we restore, we replace, we rebuild during the night. and indeed, as an explanation, it goes back to aristotle, so thats, what, 2,300 years ago. its gone in and out of fashion. its fashionable at the moment because whats been shown is that within the brain, a whole raft of genes have been shown to be turned on only during sleep, and those genes are associated with restoration and metabolic pathways. so theres good evidence for the whole restoration hypothesis.
what about energy conservation? again, perhaps intuitive. you essentially sleep to save calories. now, when you do the sums, though, it doesnt really pan out. if you compare an individual who has slept at night, or stayed awake and hasnt moved very much, the energy saving of sleeping is about 110 calories a night. now, thats the equivalent of a hot dog bun. now, i would say that a hot dog bun is kind of a meager return for such a complicated and demanding behavior as sleep. so im less convinced by the energy conservation idea.
but the third idea im quite attracted to, which is brain processing and memory consolidation. what we know is that, if after youve tried to learn a task, and you sleep-deprive individuals, the ability to learn that task is smashed. its really hugely attenuated. so sleep and memory consolidation is also very important. however, its not just the laying down of memory and recalling it. whats turned out to be really exciting is that our ability to come up with novel solutions to complex problems is hugely enhanced by a night of sleep. in fact, its been estimated to give us a threefold advantage. sleeping at night enhances our creativity. and what seems to be going on is that, in the brain, those neural connections that are important, those synaptic connections that are important, are linked and strengthened, while those that are less important tend to fade away and be less important.
okay. so weve had three explanations for why we might sleep, and i think the important thing to realize is that the details will vary, and its probable we sleep for multiple different reasons. but sleep is not an indulgence. its not some sort of thing that we can take on board rather casually. i think that sleep was once likened to an upgrade from economy to business class, you know, the equiavlent of. its not even an upgrade from economy to first class. the critical thing to realize is that if you dont sleep, you dont fly. essentially, you never get there, and whats extraordinary about much of our society these days is that we are desperately sleep-deprived.
so lets now look at sleep deprivation. huge sectors of society are sleep-deprived, and lets look at our sleep-o-meter. so in the 1950s, good data suggests that most of us were getting around about eight hours of sleep a night. nowadays, we sleep one and a half to two hours less every night, so were in the six-and-a-half-hours-every-night league. for teenagers, its worse, much worse. they need nine hours for full brain performance, and many of them, on a school night, are only getting five hours of sleep. its simply not enough. if we think about other sectors of society, the aged, if you are aged, then your ability to sleep in a single block is somewhat disrupted, and many sleep, again, less than five hours a night. shift work. shift work is extraordinary, perhaps 20 percent of the working population, and the body clock does not shift to the demands of working at night. its locked onto the same light-dark cycle as the rest of us. so when the poor old shift worker is going home to try and sleep during the day, desperately tired, the body clock is saying, "wake up. this is the time to be awake." so the quality of sleep that you get as a night shift worker is usually very poor, again in that sort of five-hour region. and then, of course, tens of millions of people suffer from jet lag. so who here has jet lag? well, my goodness gracious. well, thank you very much indeed for not falling asleep, because thats what your brain is craving.
one of the things that the brain does is indulge in micro-sleeps, this involuntary falling asleep, and you have essentially no control over it. now, micro-sleeps can be sort of somewhat embarrassing, but they can also be deadly. its been estimated that 31 percent of drivers will fall asleep at the wheel at least once in their life, and in the u.s., the statistics are pretty good: 100,000 accidents on the freeway have been associated with tiredness, loss of vigilance, and falling asleep. a hundred thousand a year. its extraordinary. at another level of terror, we dip into the tragic accidents at chernobyl and indeed the space shuttle challenger, which was so tragically lost. and in the investigations that followed those disasters, poor judgment as a result of extended shift work and loss of vigilance and tiredness was attributed to a big chunk of those disasters.
so when youre tired, and you lack sleep, you have poor memory, you have poor creativity, you have increased impulsiveness, and you have overall poor judgment. but my friends, its so much worse than that.
(laughter)
if you are a tired brain, the brain is craving things to wake it up. so drugs, stimulants. caffeine represents the stimulant of choice across much of the western world. much of the day is fueled by caffeine, and if youre a really naughty tired brain, nicotine. and of course, youre fueling the waking state with these stimulants, and then of course it gets to 11 oclock at night, and the brain says to itself, "ah, well actually, i need to be asleep fairly shortly. what do we do about that when im feeling completely wired?" well, of course, you then resort to alcohol. now alcohol, short-term, you know, once or twice, to use to mildly sedate you, can be very useful. it can actually ease the sleep transition. but what you must be so aware of is that alcohol doesnt provide sleep, a biological mimic for sleep. it sedates you. so it actually harms some of the neural proccessing thats going on during memory consolidation and memory recall. so its a short-term acute measure, but for goodness sake, dont become addicted to alcohol as a way of getting to sleep every night.
another connection between loss of sleep is weight gain. if you sleep around about five hours or less every night, then you have a 50 percent likelihood of being obese. whats the connection here? well, sleep loss seems to give rise to the release of the hormone ghrelin, the hunger hormone. ghrelin is released. it gets to the brain. the brain says, "i need carbohydrates," and what it does is seek out carbohydrates and particularly sugars. so theres a link between tiredness and the metabolic predisposition for weight gain.
stress. tired people are massively stressed. and one of the things of stress, of course, is loss of memory, which is what i sort of just then had a little lapse of. but stress is so much more. so if youre acutely stressed, not a great problem, but its sustained stress associated with sleep loss thats the problem. so sustained stress leads to suppressed immunity, and so tired people tend to have higher rates of overall infection, and theres some very good studies showing that shift workers, for example, have higher rates of cancer. increased levels of stress throw glucose into the circulation. glucose becomes a dominant part of the vasculature and essentially you become glucose intolerant. therefore, diabetes 2. stress increases cardiovascular disease as a result of raising blood pressure. so theres a whole raft of things associated with sleep loss that are more than just a mildly impaired brain, which is where i think most people think that sleep loss resides.
so at this point in the talk, this is a nice time to think, well, do you think on the whole im getting enough sleep? so a quick show of hands. who feels that theyre getting enough sleep here? oh. well, thats pretty impressive. good. well talk more about that later, about what are your tips.
so most of us, of course, ask the question, "well, how do i know whether im getting enough sleep?" well, its not rocket science. if you need an alarm clock to get you out of bed in the morning, if you are taking a long time to get up, if you need lots of stimulants, if youre grumpy, if youre irritable, if youre told by your work colleagues that youre looking tired and irritable, chances are you are sleep-deprived. listen to them. listen to yourself.
what do you do? well -- and this is slightly offensive -- sleep for dummies: make your bedroom a haven for sleep. the first critical thing is make it as dark as you possibly can, and also make it slightly cool. very important. actually, reduce your amount of light exposure at least half an hour before you go to bed. light increases levels of alertness and will delay sleep. whats the last thing that most of us do before we go to bed? we stand in a massively lit bathroom looking into the mirror cleaning our teeth. its the worst thing we can possibly do before we went to sleep. turn off those mobile phones. turn off those computers. turn off all of those things that are also going to excite the brain. try not to drink caffeine too late in the day, ideally not after lunch. now, weve set about reducing light exposure before you go to bed, but light exposure in the morning is very good at setting the biological clock to the light-dark cycle. so seek out morning light. basically, listen to yourself. wind down. do those sorts of things that you know are going to ease you off into the honey-heavy dew of slumber.
okay. thats some facts. what about some myths?
teenagers are lazy. no. poor things. they have a biological predisposition to go to bed late and get up late, so give them a break.
we need eight hours of sleep a night. thats an average. some people need more. some people need less. and what you need to do is listen to your body. do you need that much or do you need more? simple as that.
old people need less sleep. not true. the sleep demands of the aged do not go down. essentially, sleep fragments and becomes less robust, but sleep requirements do not go down.
and the fourth myth is, early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. well thats wrong at so many different levels. (laughter) there is no, no evidence that getting up early and going to bed early gives you more wealth at all. theres no difference in socioeconomic status. in my experience, the only difference between morning people and evening people is that those people that get up in the morning early are just horribly smug.
(laughter) (applause)
okay. so for the last part, the last few minutes, what i want to do is change gears and talk about some really new, breaking areas of neuroscience, which is the association between mental health, mental illness and sleep disruption. weve known for 130 years that in severe mental illness, there is always, always sleep disruption, but its been largely ignored. in the 1970s, when people started to think about this again, they said, "yes, well, of course you have sleep disruption in schizophrenia because theyre on anti-psychotics. its the anti-psychotics causing the sleep problems," ignoring the fact that for a hundred years previously, sleep disruption had been reported before anti-psychotics.
so whats going on? lots of groups, several groups are studying conditions like depression, schizophrenia and bipolar, and whats going on in terms of sleep disruption. we have a big study which we published last year on schizophrenia, and the data were quite extraordinary. in those individuals with schizophrenia, much of the time, they were awake during the night phase and then they were asleep during the day. other groups showed no 24-hour patterns whatsoever. their sleep was absolutely smashed. and some had no ability to regulate their sleep by the light-dark cycle. they were getting up later and later and later and later each night. it was smashed.
so whats going on? and the really exciting news is that mental illness and sleep are not simply associated but they are physically linked within the brain. the neural networks that predispose you to normal sleep, give you normal sleep, and those that give you normal mental health are overlapping. and whats the evidence for that? well, genes that have been shown to be very important in the generation of normal sleep, when mutated, when changed, also predispose individuals to mental health problems. and last year, we published a study which showed that a gene thats been linked to schizophrenia, which, when mutated, also smashes the sleep. so we have evidence of a genuine mechanistic overlap between these two important systems.
other work flowed from these studies. the first was that sleep disruption actually precedes certain types of mental illness, and weve shown that in those young individuals who are at high risk of developing bipolar disorder, they already have a sleep abnormality prior to any clinical diagnosis of bipolar. the other bit of data was that sleep disruption may actually exacerbate, make worse the mental illness state. my colleague dan freeman has used a range of agents which have stabilized sleep and reduced levels of paranoia in those individuals by 50 percent.
so what have we got? weve got, in these connections, some really exciting things. in terms of the neuroscience, by understanding the neuroscience of these two systems, were really beginning to understand how both sleep and mental illness are generated and regulated within the brain. the second area is that if we can use sleep and sleep disruption as an early warning signal, then we have the chance of going in. if we know that these individuals are vulnerable, early intervention then becomes possible. and the third, which i think is the most exciting, is that we can think of the sleep centers within the brain as a new therapeutic target. stabilize sleep in those individuals who are vulnerable, we can certainly make them healthier, but also alleviate some of the appalling symptoms of mental illness.
so let me just finish. what i started by saying is take sleep seriously. our attitudes toward sleep are so very different from a pre-industrial age, when we were almost wrapped in a duvet. we used to understand intuitively the importance of sleep. and this isnt some sort of crystal-waving nonsense. this is a pragmatic response to good health. if you have good sleep, it increases your concentration, attention, decision-making, creativity, social skills, health. if you get sleep, it reduces your mood changes, your stress, your levels of anger, your impulsivity, and your tendency to drink and take drugs. and we finished by saying that an understanding of the neuroscience of sleep is really informing the way we think about some of the causes of mental illness, and indeed is providing us new ways to treat these incredibly debilitating conditions.
jim butcher, the fantasy writer, said, "sleep is god. go worship." and i can only recommend that you do the same.
thank you for your attention.
(applause)
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maybe god wants us to meet a few wrong people before meeting the right one so that when we finally meet the right person, we will know how to be grateful for that gift.
when the door of happiness closes, another opens, but often times we look so long at the closed door that we don't see the one which has been opened for us.
the best kind of friend is the kind you can sit on a porch and swing with, never say a word, and then walk away feeling like it was the best conversation you've ever had.
it's true that we don't know what we've got until we lose it, but it's also true that we don't know what we've been missing until it arrives.
giving someone all your love is never an assurance that they'll love you back! don't expect love in return; just wait for it to grow in their heart but if it doesn't, be content it grew in yours. it takes only a minute to get a crush on someone, an hour to like someone, and a day to love someone, but it takes a lifetime to forget someone.
don't go for looks; they can deceive. don't go for wealth; even that fades away. go for someone who makes you smile because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright. find the one that makes your heart smile.