范文为教学中作为模范的文章，也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考，也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗？以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文，仅供参考，一起来看看吧
宁夏旅游导游词篇一
the beautiful and rich yinchuan is the first oasis developed in hetao areaof the yellow river. in the han dynasty, the measures of dredging canals andcultivating farmland were carried out here, and water conservancy projects suchas hanyanqu were built. in the tang dynasty, yinchuan had the reputation of"south of the yangtze river". since the ming and qing dynasties, the folk sayingof "the yellow river enriches ningxia" has spread all over jiuzhou. the ancientdangxiang people have created a dazzling xixia culture here, and the industrioushui people are constantly striving for self-improvement, showing colorful folkcustoms. yinchuan is an important city in the northwest border of china, thecapital of ningxia hui autonomous region, and one of the famous historical andcultural cities in china. it has a long and splendid history, profound culturalheritage, endless stories and endless beautiful scenery. today, let's go intoyinchuan and feel the magic charm of this ancient frontier fortress city!
tourists, yinchuan city is located in the hetao plain formed by thealluvial of the yellow river, facing the yellow river in the east, with flat andopen terrain; the helan mountain in the west, adjacent to the mountains of alxaleft banner in inner mongolia; the qingtongxia gorge in the south; and pingluocounty in the north. the total area of the city is 3499 square kilometers, andthe urban area is 1277 square kilometers. it has jurisdiction over threecounty-level districts of urban area, new urban area and suburb, and twocounties of yongning and helan. according to statistics, by the end of 20__, thecity's total population was about 1039100. yinchuan is a multi-ethnic area,inhabiting 25 ethnic groups, such as hui, han, manchu, mongolian and korean. itis also a city where the hui population is concentrated, with about 223100 huipeople.
it is said that a long time ago, seven sisters of phoenix lived in thesouth of the yangtze river, bringing happiness to people. among them, theyoungest seven sisters came to ningxia, where the land is thin and the peopleare poor, and opened a canal to divert water, bringing the scenery of the southof the yangtze river. later, in order to prevent the invasion of alien tribes,fenghuang qimei became a city to protect the people in ningxia, which was lateryinchuan. now, "phoenix city" has become the reputation of yinchuan.
yinchuan is flat and open. the terrain trend is gradually inclined fromsouthwest to northeast. "helan is the screen, the yellow river is around, thefertile fields are thousands of miles, and the lakes are inlaid" is the featureof yinchuan landform pattern. yinchuan terrain is divided into mountain andplain. in the west is helan mountain, which forms a trapezoidal shape andgradually decreases from the south of quanqigou, with an altitude of 20__-2500meters. the main peak, aobaogeda, is 3556 meters. it is a natural barrier toprevent the cold air and sandstorm from driving into the northwest. in the eastis the yellow river alluvial plain. the yellow river flows from 16 kilometerseast of yinchuan city to 30 degrees south of the city to shizuishan, with atransit length of 78.4 kilometers and a water surface of 124700 mu, forming avast and boundless alluvial plain of the yellow river, in which there arehundreds of fertile fields, ditches, lush vegetation, scattered with hundreds oflakes and marshes, including the famous "72 lian lake". since ancient times, ithas been the main agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheryproduction area.
yinchuan is located in the middle temperate arid climate zone, whichbelongs to the middle temperate continental climate. the main features are: lessrain and snow, strong evaporation, sufficient sunshine, moderate heat, strongwind and sand; cold in winter, hot in summer, short and changeable in an is located in the northwest inland, far from the sea, coupled with adry climate, less rainfall and long sunshine, so most of the year is ing to statistics, the annual sunshine time is 17.5 hours more than thatof "sunshine city" lhasa.
the temperature difference between day and night in yinchuan is very large,with an average daily temperature difference of 13.1-14.4 degrees in the wholeyear. this continental climate, coupled with the unique natural conditions, isvery suitable for the growth of all kinds of crops. it is easy to store thesugar content of melons and fruits, and the sugar content of melons and fruitsis 15% - 20% higher than that of central plains. according to the records ofshuijingzhu written by li daoyuan, a famous geographer in the northern weidynasty, yinchuan plain was called "guocheng" as early as 1500 years ago. it isrich in peach, plum, apricot, jujube, apple, grape and watermelon. the fruit isbig, sweet, tender and colorful. yinchuan has been planting rice for more than2100 years. after careful cultivation and improvement by the working people,yinchuan's rice has become a famous variety in china. the main food crops arewheat, buckwheat, white pea and so on. vegetables are ningxia cabbage, pepper,tomato, scallion. in addition, fern, seabuckthorn and honey are alsowell-known.
there are many soil types and diverse vegetation in yinchuan area. theforest covers an area of one million mu, half of which are plantations,including timber forest, shelter forest and fruit forest. with the developmentof afforestation and other greening projects, the forest area and greening areaare increasing year by year. in 1988, the state council approved helan mountainas a national forest nature reserve with wildlife types. there are 183000 mu ofnatural secondary forest and 177 species of wildlife on the mountain, including16 species of rare animals under state protection.
yinchuan is located in the north of the depression belt in the westernmargin of ordos, with rich mineral resources. the mineral products stored in thehelanshan section of yinchuan are mainly coal, hematite, limestone, dolomite,apatite, quartz sandstone, diabase, ceramic clay, etc., which provide favorableconditions for the development of metallurgy, chemical industry, buildingmaterials and other industries in yinchuan, especially the high storage ofphosphate rock.
yinchuan has a long history. as early as 20__ years ago in the period ofemperor wu of han dynasty, it was the habitat of xiongnu, xianbei and othernomadic peoples. with the development of the yellow river irrigation area, somecastles have sprung up in yinchuan plain. at that time, the castles, which werecalled yinhan city, were the predecessor of yinchuan city. yinchuan county wasestablished in the northern and southern dynasties in the three years of jiande(574), which was called huaiyuan county. in 1020 ad, li deming, the leader ofdangxiang nationality, moved here and changed to xingzhou. in 1038, the capitalof xixia was established here, which lasted 189 years. after the change ofdynasties, it was renamed zhongxingfu, ningxia, ningxia fu and ningxia city. itwas not until 1945 that yinchuan city was established.
the term "yinchuan" comes from the description of this section of theyellow river and its coastal plain irrigation area as "yinchuan" in the lateming dynasty. this famous cultural city with a long history of more than 1000years is characterized by xixia culture. xixia mausoleum scenic spot is anational key scenic spot. helan mountain nature reserve is a national key naturereserve. xixia mausoleum, baisikou twin pagoda and haibao pagoda are the keycultural relics protection units in china. yinchuan is one of the mostattractive cities in western china because of its attractive water scenery,peculiar scenery of saishang and colorful hui customs.
tourists, yinchuan city is divided into three parts: the old city, the newcity and the new city. the old city was formerly ningxia fucheng in the qingdynasty, about 15 kilometers east of the yellow river. both the regionalgovernment and the municipal people's government are located here. it is also acommercial district. the new city is located in the east of the railway station,7.5 kilometers away from the old city in the east. it was developed on the basisof the new manchu city where qianlong lived in the qing dynasty. after 1958, anew urban area was built on the vast desert grassland to the west of baotoulanzhou railway. once upon a time, in yinchuan city, except for the drum tower,yuhuangge, nanmenlou and other ancient buildings, most of them were low yellowmud adobe houses. nowadays, the ancient and new appearance of yinchuan citycomplement each other. around those ancient buildings, there are many modernbuildings. at night, the lights are bright, the neon lights are flashing, andthe broad streets are full of light. when you enter yinchuan, you can enjoy thebeauty of ningxia's unique tradition and the present. this ancient frontierfortress city is welcoming guests from all over the world with a newattitude.
宁夏旅游导游词篇二
各位游客：
欢迎大家到宁夏来观光旅游。首先请允许我向各位介绍一下宁夏概况。
宁夏位于祖国的西北内陆地区，黄河中上游，全区土地面积6.64万平方公里，现辖银川、石嘴山两个地级市，银南、固原两个地区，吴忠、青铜峡、灵武3个县级市和6各辖区，15各县。全区人口536万。
宁夏是我国唯一一个回族自治区，回族人口约占全区总人口的1/3。回民信仰伊斯兰教，全自治区有大、小清真寺3000多座，因此宁夏又被称为中国的“穆斯林之乡”。
(历史文化)
宁夏是中华文明的发祥地之一。黄河岸边的灵武市“水洞沟遗址”发掘表明，在3万年前的旧石器时代就有人类在此繁衍生息。秦代时属北地郡，秦军在此屯垦戍边，抗击匈奴。汉代时又分为朔方和西凉刺史两部。唐代时属关内道，农牧经济得到了很大的发展。11世纪初，党项族以宁夏为中心，建立了西夏政权，并创造了灿烂的西夏文化。元灭西夏后，设宁夏行省，取“平定西夏永远安宁”之意，于是便开始有了宁夏的名称。明改制宁夏卫，清属甘肃省。1920xx年建宁夏省。1654年又撤销省建制，分归内蒙古、甘肃省管辖。1958年成立宁夏回族自治区。
宁夏地处中原文化与草原文化的过渡地带，又是河套文化与丝绸之路的交融区，古老深远的黄河文化、特色鲜明的伊斯兰文化、独一无二的西夏文化、颇具特色的移民文化和浓郁粗旷的边塞文化工具在这块神奇的土地上，从而为后人留下了许多珍贵的遗迹和探寻不尽的奥秘。
(地形和气候)
游客们，宁夏地势南高北低，山地、高原约占全区的3/4，剩下的就是平原地区，其中沙漠占宁夏面积的8%。从地形分布来看，自北向南为贺兰山地、宁夏平原、鄂尔多斯草原、黄土高原、六盘山地等，平均海拔在1000米以上。北面的贺兰山脉绵亘250公里成了宁夏平原的天然屏障，南边则为郁郁葱葱的六盘山脉。古老的黄河穿越宁夏中北部地区向北流淌，在宁夏境内总流程达397公里，流经12个县市。黄河宁夏段水面宽阔，灌溉垦殖，他们的辛勤劳动使宁夏成了沟渠纵横、稻香鱼肥、瓜果飘香、风光秀美的“塞上江南”。这从唐代诗人“贺兰山下果园成，塞北江南旧有名”的诗句中就可得到印证。
南高北低的地形决定了宁夏南寒北暖的气候，此外，宁夏地处高纬度，昼夜温差大，白天太阳直射温度相对较高，晚间气流扫射余热温度明显降低，夏日昼夜温差在15度左右。雨季集中在夏季，但降水量不大。宁夏的天是明朗的天，“蓝蓝的天上白云飘，白云下面马儿跑”是宁夏天气和风情的真切写照。
(旅游景观)
类型多样的自然景观，兼收并蓄的多元文化特色，带给了宁夏丰富的旅游资源。作为“中国旅游最后的处女地”，近几年来，宁夏备受海内外游客的青睐。来宁夏旅游，可从不同角度去欣赏其“六大特色”——古老的黄河文化、雄浑的大漠风光、神秘的西夏王朝、浓郁的回乡风情、迷人的六盘盛景、美丽的塞上江南。这里有被誉为“东方金字塔”的西夏王陵，有中国最大的喇嘛式建筑群“一百零八塔”，有人类原始造型艺术“贺兰山岩画”，有沙海明珠“沙坡头”，以及被国家旅游局评为中国35个王牌旅游景点之一的沙湖等。现已开发坐羊皮筏子常有黄河，骑骆驼穿越腾格里沙漠以及西夏仿古、回族风情、沙湖观鸟、徒步长城、生态农业观光等特殊旅游项目。宁夏之旅，点多、面广、线长，如歌、如诗、如画，给人以独特的享受。
(回族风情)
游客们，来到宁夏，特别要向大家接受的是回族风情，因为宁夏是中国回族聚居最多的地区(回族在我国55个少数民族中人数仅次于壮族，位居第二)。我们还是从回族的信仰、节目、习俗、紧急、服饰来谈起吧。
回族多信仰伊斯兰教，因此，与伊斯兰教的关系十分密切。明清时期，中国伊斯兰教学者介绍伊斯兰教义，会用“清净污染”、“真乃独一”、“至情至真”和“真主原有独尊，谓之清真”等语，古伊斯兰教又称“清真教”。伊斯兰教礼拜寺叫做“清真寺”，穆斯林制作的食品称作“清真食品”，穆斯林开设的饭店和食品店习惯用“情真”二字作为标记。宁夏现有清真寺3000多座，遍布山川城乡。回族穆斯林按《古x经》的要求要遵守五项功课，即念(祈祷)、礼(礼拜)、斋(斋戒)、课(捐赠)、朝(朝觐)五功。
伊斯兰教的开斋节、古尔邦节和圣纪节，也是回族穆斯林的三大节日。开斋节，顾名思义，即斋月期满后的第一天。古尔邦节在开斋后70天，阿拉伯语“古尔邦”是宰牲的意思，故又称宰牲节。圣纪节，每年教历三月十二日，为纪念伊斯兰教的创始人穆罕诞生而举行。
回族在出生命名、婚嫁、丧葬等方面，也深受伊斯兰教的影响。回族的小孩出生后，要阿訇命名，谓之“经名”。回族青年的婚姻，在履行法定手续后，由阿訇主持仪式，诵读《古x经》，为其证婚。三天后，新郎新娘回娘家，叫做“回门”。回族丧葬为土葬，主张素葬，不用棺木，遗体净洗后以白布包裹，埋于土穴中。亲人先逢七、后逢年祭之。回族有良好的卫生习惯，礼拜前要进行沐浴，“小净”用汤瓶洗头、手、脚等处，“大净”用吊罐洗浴全身。回族庭院整齐干净，井然有序。挑水用的桶倒扣在石板上，从井里提水用的桶挂在墙上，不能落地。
回族忌偶像崇拜。禁食自死物、血，猪、马、驴、骡、狗等不反刍的动物。回族以习武健身为美德，故多高寿者。
在服饰上，回族男子多戴无沿小白帽或黑帽，称为礼拜帽。女的一般戴无沿撮口白帽或盖头，将头发遮掩起来。盖头，少女一般带绿色，已婚妇女则戴黑色，老年人戴白色。回族妇女喜欢佩戴耳环、戒指、手镯和头饰。
(特产和风味)
游客们，宁夏的特产和风味可用两句话来概括：“吴宝耀花游人眼，长思长想不思归。”
想为世人称道的宁夏特产当推枸杞、甘草、贺兰石、滩羊皮、发菜，因其颜色分别为红、黄、蓝、白、黑而被称为五宝。枸杞及时中药精品，优势益肾健体的食品。甘草被赞为“中药之王”。用贺兰石制作的砚台，不仅是文房四宝的实用品，而且是珍贵的工艺收藏品。宁夏滩羊是我国优良裘用绵羊之一，通常制球用一个月左右的滩羊羔皮“二毛皮”，其优良的品质和独特的风格驰名海内外。发菜是“八珍”之一，既有食用功能，又有药用价值，但采挖发菜会严重破坏环境，导致土地沙化，因此发菜已被列为国家一级重点保护、管理的野生固沙植物，禁止采集和销售。
宁夏的地方风味因兼有中国传统风味而独树一帜。其清真风味小吃不仅为广大穆斯林所珍爱，各族人民也无不愿一尝为快，有外焦里嫩的油香、焦酥香脆的馓子，还有最具特色的饮料盖碗茶。清真厨师们还创造出碗蒸羊、涮羊肉、水晶羊头、煨牛筋、红烧羊肉、锅烧填鸭、鸽蛋蒸菜、糖醋黄河鲤鱼等一系列清真菜，其中以烩为主的回民筵席“八大碗”则是回民喜庆宴请的主菜。宁夏小吃还有牛羊杂碎、团馍、酿皮子、回族油菜、牛干巴等，名目繁多，各具特色。银川市中心地段设有小吃一条街，游客们不妨走街串巷，前去品尝，一饱口福。
各位游客，宁夏概况就介绍到此。也许带游罢宁夏，对他从陌生到了解后，您会发出和我同样的感叹：游遍千山万水，还是宁夏最美!
宁夏旅游导游词篇三
各位游客，大家好!
欢迎您来到灵武长流水生态旅游区。我叫mm，是我们今天的导游。很高兴认识大家，并有幸与各位结伴共游长流水。
来到长流水，相信大家都是兴致勃勃，游意昂然。长流水，顾名思义，就是水长流，流水长的意思。我们现在看到的这一群山，这一片地，就得益于这一方水。是长流水的水千年不休，万年流淌，才成就了这满眼的绿色生机，成就了我们今天的兴致和游程。
古语说，山不在高，在仙则灵;水不在深，有龙则兴。在这沙漠腹地，这一方水的存在和生生不息的日夜奔流，本身就是神奇的，是充满诱惑的。
现在请大家侧目往窗外看，我们所穿过的是一条3000米的绿色长廊，是进入长流水大峡谷的唯一通道。大家可以想象一下，车轮辗过的地方三五年前还是一望无际的沙丘，连绵不断的沙包，不要说车辆现在可以顺利通过，曾经是行人都无法通行的。需要说明地是，长流水的天然景色，也正是因为这儿地处偏辟，人际罕至，才得以完整的保留下来，也才得以吸引八方游客的驻足。曾经这些沙丘上只稀疏地散落着一些野蒿草，一岁一枯荣地渴望着水，守望着贫脊。
一方水土养活一方人。青青长流水却不能造就秀美山川。时过境迁，我们的治沙英雄们发现了长流水，有效地利用了这儿丰富的水资源。
大家往我的右手看，那凸起的一米多高的圆柱，其实是这儿输水暗管的巡查竖井，治沙英雄们巧妙地利用了地势等差，引长流水到这儿的山角坡地，然后肩背人扛，将稚嫩的树苗运上山，把希望小心地栽下去。几年的光阴，他们用了半生的积蓄，使了吃几斤沙子的力气，在种活一颗树比养活一个孩子还难的情况下，筑起了这一道道防风固沙的绿色屏障。有了这一道道屏障，就少了那一峁峁山峦，区域性小环境的改善，使这儿重回昔日水草丰美的景象，不远处已经大面积种植瓜果疏菜，加上这儿满山遍野的野生苦苦菜、沙芥等，极大地满足了我们各位品尝真正绿色环保、野味十足菜肴的需要。有了水草，也引来了众多鸟儿，引来了野兔、野鸭、山鸡，狐狸、獾等野生动物，在我们车子行进的东南方向，生态区将建立一个占地100亩的狩猎场，有兴趣的游客，今后可以再来这儿，过一把骑马打猎、围炉烧烤的瘾了。
各位游客，在长流水呢，曾有人出过一个对子，只有上联没有下联，可称之为奇联，有兴趣的游客不妨对出下联，也同样成就一下这一妙句绝联。上联是：长流水水长流流水长长，你能对出来吗?
其实呢，长流水真正的来历渊于长流水大峡谷。据史志记载，长流水大峡谷的源头，曾经是水草丰美的一片海子，也就是一汪很大的内陆湖，苍海桑田的变迁中，火山的爆发改变了一切，同时也成就了一切。在峡谷尽头，方圆几公里内有三处泉眼，泉水分别从沙山脚下、细草根处、石缝隙里滴渗而出，三泉汇流处水量增大，随山形地势的高低一路流过，历经百年冲刷、荡涤，在莽莽的沙漠中便形成了峡谷，峡谷的源头处，这一方水不断的涌动着，峡谷的河床上，这一方水不屈不挠地畅流着。水流不知疲倦，流水又永不干涸，长流水因此得名。
宁夏旅游导游词篇四
须弥山石窟，坐落在宁夏固原西北的须弥山南麓，距县城55公里，固原须弥山石窟。“须弥”是梵文音译，意为宝山。这里峰峦迭嶂，岩石嶙峋。夏秋之际苍松挺拔，桃李郁然，景色异常秀丽，是中国西北黄土高原上少有的风景区。具有重要艺术价值的北朝、隋唐时期的须弥山大型石窟艺术造像，就开凿在“宝山”诸峰的峭壁上。它和名震中外的敦煌、云岗、龙门石窟一样，都是我国古代文化遗产瑰宝。1982年被国务院列为“国家重点文物保护单位”。
须弥山石窟最早开凿的年代已无从查考。从石窟形制和造像风格判断，大约开凿于北朝中晚期，是我国开凿最早的石窟之一，距今已有1400多年的历史。据有关专家介绍，北朝至唐、宋，历代都在这里进行过大规模的凿窟造像活动。先后开凿石窟130多处，其中70多窟雕塑了造像。这些大大小小的石窟，依山附势，错落有致的分布在7座崖面上，迂回曲折，绵延近两公里，场面甚是壮观。
据考证，到了唐代，这里已经是颇具规模的佛教寺院了，人称“景云寺”。明朝正统年间，高僧绰吉汪速又建一座新寺，并上书皇帝请求赐名，于是明英宗又赐名“园光寺”，这就是须弥山石窟又叫“园光寺石窟”的原因。后来由于自然与人为的破坏，特别是海原大地震(1920)，使石窟艺术遭到极大摧残。到中华人民共和国建国时，其中保存较为完整的只有20余窟。它们主要是北魏、北周和唐代开凿的，并集中在石窟南部和中部的大佛楼、子孙官、园光寺、相国寺和桃花洞五区。
北魏的石窟，大多集中在子孙官区的崖面上，从现存的造像窟来看，窟室为方形，室中方形塔柱四面分层开龛。这种形式的窟室，是从印度“支提”式石窟演化而来的。多是一佛二菩萨：佛像较大，居中端坐;菩萨矮小，侍立两旁。但也有特殊情况，如须弥山开凿最早的第十四窟，这里的佛像有雕刻的也有彩绘的，除一个龛内为释迦多宝佛外，其余的龛内都是一尊佛像，没有旁侍菩萨。纵观这些造像，造法古朴，面形丰满，与云岗、敦煌石窟的早期造像有相似之处。第二十四与三十二窟开凿年代比之稍晚，但这里已是“标准的”一佛二菩萨。其造型特点，脸形清癯，体型修长，佛穿双领下垂的大袍，菩萨穿汉式对襟袖襦，与十四窟大不相同。据我国著名学者潘梦阳先生撰文介绍，北魏孝文帝太和改革的重要内容之一，就是服式改制：禁民穿“夹领小袖”的胡眼，一律改穿汉装，并亲自给群臣颁赐“冠服”，让他们穿戴。所以，佛像的造型和衣着特点，正是太和改制后南朝汉式衣冠和“秀骨清相”的艺术风格，流传到北方的反映。
北周石窟，数量之多，规模之大，造像之精美，在须弥山石窟中占有突出的地位。与北魏石窟相比，其最大的变化是中央塔柱小龛已不见，代之以大龛及发鬓低平、面相方圆、两肩宽厚、腹部鼓出的大型造像，给人以厚重敦实之感，资料《固原须弥山石窟》。现存造像最多的第四十五、四十九两窟，有比真人还大的造像40余尊，每龛内，有的是立佛，一般皆为一佛一菩萨。装饰性的雕刻，如幔帐式的佛龛;龛边龙嘴衔口的流苏;龛颔上的各种小佛;龛座下手执各种乐器的伎乐人，或吹横笛，或弹琵琶，或击羯鼓。窟顶围绕塔柱，还雕有一对相向手舞足蹈的伎乐飞天，披巾飘动，显示了北朝音乐艺术的盛况。以上琳琅满目的艺术精品，都是未加修饰的原作，十分珍贵。
在这些石窟当中，标码为五十一窟的北周时期所凿的高达6米的一个一佛二菩萨造像，装饰华丽，高大雄伟，实属全国北周造像中罕见的雕塑精品。
唐代是须弥山石窟艺术的繁荣时期，无论凿窟数量，还是雕塑艺术，都达到了前所未有的水平。唐人窟室主要分布在大佛楼、相国寺和桃花洞三区。其形制多为平面方形，沿三面窟壁设“凹”字形佛坛造像，不另在壁面开龛。造像中着力刻划的是菩萨形象：脚踏莲座，身绕长巾，曲眉秀目，袒胸露臂，裙裾飘逸，婀娜多姿。由此，可见唐代文化的开放形态。仔细观察可以发现，石窟中凡是雕塑于唐代的艺术造型，都是相当优美的，如第五十四号、六十二号洞窟内的菩萨，她们头梳唐代贵族妇女盛行的高顶云髻，身着天衣，胸挂璎珞，腕配环钏，面貌端丽，姿态秀美。唐代有“官女如菩萨”之说，其实是“菩萨如官女”，这是佛教雕刻艺术中最现主义的部分，给人以美的享受。一位学者说：“拜佛念经的僧侣想的是本来就没有的佛，而雕刻佛的工匠想的是活生生的人。不管怎样说法讲经，神乎其神，艺术还得在生活的土壤里扎根，才能开出鲜艳的花朵。”此话的确说得很有道理，所有的这些佛像，对古代信的人来说，是一种精神寄托。而对今天不信神、佛的人来说，他们就是凝聚着古人心血和艺术才能的珍品。
最为引人注目的，是须弥山入口处高达20.6米的弥勒大座佛。它高坐于唐代大中三年(849年)开凿的一个马蹄形石窟内，身披袈裟，头流螺髻;脸如满月，双耳垂肩，神情庄重，十分壮观。这座大佛比云岗石窟中最大的十九窟坐佛和龙门石窟的奉先寺卢舍那佛还高，是全国最大的造像之一。走近观察，只见那佛高大魁梧，足有五六层楼高，耳朵有两人高，眼窝直径1米多，佛虽大，但雕刻却十分的精致。专家说，这完全是一块完整的罕见巨石雕琢出来的，充分显示了我国古代工匠的高超技艺和雄伟气魄。唐代统治者提倡佛教，武则天曾下令全国各州建大佛寺，造大佛像。有学者推测，这等大佛可能是在武则天掀起的崇拜佛的浪潮中建造的。站在大佛的脚下，眼前似有云雾缭绕，耳旁隐听山泉叮咚，山石雾松组成大西北黄土高原上独特的山水画卷。
在须弥山现存的石窟中，题刻和墨迹虽然数量不算太多、但却是唐“大中三年吕中万”，宋“绍圣四年三月二十二日收复陇干姚雄记”、“崇宁癸未”、西夏“奢单都四年”、金“大定二十一年”等，各个时期的题记和碑刻。这些碑刻、题记，不仅能使我们对石窟的历史有更多的了解、还为今人研究唐、宋、金、西夏各代佛教传播，提供了十分珍贵的资料。
此外，国内绝大多数石窟都开在一面崖面上，而须弥山石窟却开凿在为洪沟间隔的7座山崖上，形成了数峰并举、山形变幻、曲径通幽、对景丛生的奇特布局。
宁夏旅游导游词篇五
古城中卫城北建在接连城墙的高台上的雄伟古建筑——高庙，格外引人注目。高庙，始建于明永乐年间，称“新庙”。
清康熙四十八年(公元1720xx年)秋，因地震坍塌重建，后经道光二年、咸丰三年、光绪八年续建，改称“玉皇阁”。民国初年增建后，改称“高庙”，建筑面积达2510平方米，是一处造型完整、气魄壮美的古建筑群。
高庙坐北朝南。前院为保安寺，进入山门，耀眼的单檐歇山顶大雄宝殿正面屹立;两侧厢房、地藏宫、三霄宫和3座配殿各具特色。保安寺后就是高庙主体建筑。沿24级青砖铺砌的台阶而上，高庙砖雕牌坊耸立眼前。牌坊立的一幅对联十分有趣。上联是：儒释道之度我度他皆从这里;下联是：天地人之自造自化尽在此间;横批是：无上法桥。过南天门，达中楼。
中楼灵巧别致，六角三重檐四面坡顶分三层叠合。途中两侧有东西天池和砖砌天池，分别有飞桥同南天门相连，浑然一体。中楼上层塑的太白金星像，肃穆尊严;中层塑的观音像，宁静慈善;下层绘的二十八宿，各展风采。最后，是分上中下三层而设的五岳玉皇、圣母宝殿。下层正面是五岳庙，东有三宫殿，西有祖师殿;中层正中塑有玉皇像，后楼为大成殿，祀孔子;上层正面为瑶池宫，东西两侧为三教宫。三殿底层东西两侧的文武楼别是一番景色：文楼塑文昌，身骑四不象怪兽;武楼塑关公，骑赤兔追风马。文武楼下层的龙王宫，塑四海龙王，神态各异，功力超群，令人敬慕。砖牌坊下面的地狱宫，绘满了各种怪像，或青面红发，或锯齿獠牙，或面目狰狞，或神态从容……整个绘画想象丰富，结构严谨，色彩鲜艳，笔法细腻，显示了民间艺人不同凡响的高超技艺。
十分可惜，高庙1700多个彩塑造像和大量彩画在动荡年代，遭到了破坏，如今，虽补塑了不少彩像，但远不及矣!
高庙的主要建筑都位于一条中轴线上。层层相因，逐步增高;辅助建筑位于两侧，均衡对称。在仅
20xx余平方米的高台上，建筑了近百间九脊歇山、四角攒尖、十字歇山、将军盔顶等各种类型、不同风格的殿宇。整个建筑群重楼叠阁，亭廊相连，飞檐相啄，回环曲折，紧凑而富于变化，真是宁夏古建筑中的杰作。
宁夏旅游导游词篇六
各位游客：
欢迎大家到宁夏来观光旅游。首先请允许我向各位介绍一下宁夏概况。
宁夏位于祖国的西北内陆地区，黄河中上游，全区土地面积6.64万平方公里，现辖银川、石嘴山两个地级市，银南、固原两个地区，吴忠、青铜峡、灵武3个县级市和6各辖区，15各县。全区人口536万。
宁夏是我国唯一一个回族自治区，回族人口约占全区总人口的1/3。回民信仰伊斯兰教，全自治区有大、小清真寺3000多座，因此宁夏又被称为中国的“穆斯林之乡”。
(历史文化)
宁夏是中华文明的发祥地之一。黄河岸边的灵武市“水洞沟遗址”发掘表明，在3万年前的旧石器时代就有人类在此繁衍生息。秦代时属北地郡，秦军在此屯垦戍边，抗击匈奴。汉代时又分为朔方和西凉刺史两部。唐代时属关内道，农牧经济得到了很大的发展。11世纪初，党项族以宁夏为中心，建立了西夏政权，并创造了灿烂的西夏文化。元灭西夏后，设宁夏行省，取“平定西夏永远安宁”之意，于是便开始有了宁夏的名称。明改制宁夏卫，清属甘肃省。1920xx年建宁夏省。1654年又撤销省建制，分归内蒙古、甘肃省管辖。1958年成立宁夏回族自治区。
宁夏地处中原文化与草原文化的过渡地带，又是河套文化与丝绸之路的交融区，古老深远的黄河文化、特色鲜明的伊斯兰文化、独一无二的西夏文化、颇具特色的移民文化和浓郁粗旷的边塞文化工具在这块神奇的土地上，从而为后人留下了许多珍贵的遗迹和探寻不尽的奥秘。
(地形和气候)
游客们，宁夏地势南高北低，山地、高原约占全区的3/4，剩下的就是平原地区，其中沙漠占宁夏面积的8%。从地形分布来看，自北向南为贺兰山地、宁夏平原、鄂尔多斯草原、黄土高原、六盘山地等，平均海拔在1000米以上。北面的贺兰山脉绵亘250公里成了宁夏平原的天然屏障，南边则为郁郁葱葱的六盘山脉。古老的黄河穿越宁夏中北部地区向北流淌，在宁夏境内总流程达397公里，流经12个县市。黄河宁夏段水面宽阔，灌溉垦殖，他们的辛勤劳动使宁夏成了沟渠纵横、稻香鱼肥、瓜果飘香、风光秀美的“塞上江南”。这从唐代诗人“贺兰山下果园成，塞北江南旧有名”的诗句中就可得到印证。
南高北低的地形决定了宁夏南寒北暖的气候，此外，宁夏地处高纬度，昼夜温差大，白天太阳直射温度相对较高，晚间气流扫射余热温度明显降低，夏日昼夜温差在15度左右。雨季集中在夏季，但降水量不大。宁夏的天是明朗的天，“蓝蓝的天上白云飘，白云下面马儿跑”是宁夏天气和风情的真切写照。
(旅游景观)
类型多样的自然景观，兼收并蓄的多元文化特色，带给了宁夏丰富的旅游资源。作为“中国旅游最后的处女地”，近几年来，宁夏备受海内外游客的青睐。来宁夏旅游，可从不同角度去欣赏其“六大特色”——古老的黄河文化、雄浑的大漠风光、神秘的西夏王朝、浓郁的回乡风情、迷人的六盘盛景、美丽的塞上江南。这里有被誉为“东方金字塔”的西夏王陵，有中国最大的喇嘛式建筑群“一百零八塔”，有人类原始造型艺术“贺兰山岩画”，有沙海明珠“沙坡头”，以及被国家旅游局评为中国35个王牌旅游景点之一的沙湖等。现已开发坐羊皮筏子常有黄河，骑骆驼穿越腾格里沙漠以及西夏仿古、回族风情、沙湖观鸟、徒步长城、生态农业观光等特殊旅游项目。宁夏之旅，点多、面广、线长，如歌、如诗、如画，给人以独特的享受。
(回族风情)
游客们，来到宁夏，特别要向大家接受的是回族风情，因为宁夏是中国回族聚居最多的地区(回族在我国55个少数民族中人数仅次于壮族，位居第二)。我们还是从回族的信仰、节目、习俗、紧急、服饰来谈起吧。
回族多信仰伊斯兰教，因此，与伊斯兰教的关系十分密切。明清时期，中国伊斯兰教学者介绍伊斯兰教义，会用“清净污染”、“真乃独一”、“至情至真”和“真主原有独尊，谓之清真”等语，古伊斯兰教又称“清真教”。伊斯兰教礼拜寺叫做“清真寺”，穆斯林制作的食品称作“清真食品”，穆斯林开设的饭店和食品店习惯用“情真”二字作为标记。宁夏现有清真寺3000多座，遍布山川城乡。回族穆斯林按《古x经》的要求要遵守五项功课，即念(祈祷)、礼(礼拜)、斋(斋戒)、课(捐赠)、朝(朝觐)五功。
伊斯兰教的开斋节、古尔邦节和圣纪节，也是回族穆斯林的三大节日。开斋节，顾名思义，即斋月期满后的第一天。古尔邦节在开斋后70天，阿拉伯语“古尔邦”是宰牲的意思，故又称宰牲节。圣纪节，每年教历三月十二日，为纪念伊斯兰教的创始人穆罕诞生而举行。
回族在出生命名、婚嫁、丧葬等方面，也深受伊斯兰教的影响。回族的小孩出生后，要阿訇命名，谓之“经名”。回族青年的婚姻，在履行法定手续后，由阿訇主持仪式，诵读《古x经》，为其证婚。三天后，新郎新娘回娘家，叫做“回门”。回族丧葬为土葬，主张素葬，不用棺木，遗体净洗后以白布包裹，埋于土穴中。亲人先逢七、后逢年祭之。回族有良好的卫生习惯，礼拜前要进行沐浴，“小净”用汤瓶洗头、手、脚等处，“大净”用吊罐洗浴全身。回族庭院整齐干净，井然有序。挑水用的桶倒扣在石板上，从井里提水用的桶挂在墙上，不能落地。
回族忌偶像崇拜。禁食自死物、血，猪、马、驴、骡、狗等不反刍的动物。回族以习武健身为美德，故多高寿者。
在服饰上，回族男子多戴无沿小白帽或黑帽，称为礼拜帽。女的一般戴无沿撮口白帽或盖头，将头发遮掩起来。盖头，少女一般带绿色，已婚妇女则戴黑色，老年人戴白色。回族妇女喜欢佩戴耳环、戒指、手镯和头饰。
(特产和风味)
游客们，宁夏的特产和风味可用两句话来概括：“吴宝耀花游人眼，长思长想不思归。”
想为世人称道的宁夏特产当推枸杞、甘草、贺兰石、滩羊皮、发菜，因其颜色分别为红、黄、蓝、白、黑而被称为五宝。枸杞及时中药精品，优势益肾健体的食品。甘草被赞为“中药之王”。用贺兰石制作的砚台，不仅是文房四宝的实用品，而且是珍贵的工艺收藏品。宁夏滩羊是我国优良裘用绵羊之一，通常制球用一个月左右的滩羊羔皮“二毛皮”，其优良的品质和独特的风格驰名海内外。发菜是“八珍”之一，既有食用功能，又有药用价值，但采挖发菜会严重破坏环境，导致土地沙化，因此发菜已被列为国家一级重点保护、管理的野生固沙植物，禁止采集和销售。
宁夏的地方风味因兼有中国传统风味而独树一帜。其清真风味小吃不仅为广大穆斯林所珍爱，各族人民也无不愿一尝为快，有外焦里嫩的油香、焦酥香脆的馓子，还有最具特色的饮料盖碗茶。清真厨师们还创造出碗蒸羊、涮羊肉、水晶羊头、煨牛筋、红烧羊肉、锅烧填鸭、鸽蛋蒸菜、糖醋黄河鲤鱼等一系列清真菜，其中以烩为主的回民筵席“八大碗”则是回民喜庆宴请的主菜。宁夏小吃还有牛羊杂碎、团馍、酿皮子、回族油菜、牛干巴等，名目繁多，各具特色。银川市中心地段设有小吃一条街，游客们不妨走街串巷，前去品尝，一饱口福。
各位游客，宁夏概况就介绍到此。也许带游罢宁夏，对他从陌生到了解后，您会发出和我同样的感叹：游遍千山万水，还是宁夏最美!
宁夏旅游导游词篇七
古城中卫城北建在接连城墙的高台上的雄伟古建筑——高庙，格外引人注目。高庙，始建于明永乐年间，称“新庙”。
清康熙四十八年(公元1720xx年)秋，因地震坍塌重建，后经道光二年、咸丰三年、光绪八年续建，改称“玉皇阁”。民国初年增建后，改称“高庙”，建筑面积达2510平方米，是一处造型完整、气魄壮美的古建筑群。
高庙坐北朝南。前院为保安寺，进入山门，耀眼的单檐歇山顶大雄宝殿正面屹立;两侧厢房、地藏宫、三霄宫和3座配殿各具特色。保安寺后就是高庙主体建筑。沿24级青砖铺砌的台阶而上，高庙砖雕牌坊耸立眼前。牌坊立的一幅对联十分有趣。上联是：儒释道之度我度他皆从这里;下联是：天地人之自造自化尽在此间;横批是：无上法桥。过南天门，达中楼。
中楼灵巧别致，六角三重檐四面坡顶分三层叠合。途中两侧有东西天池和砖砌天池，分别有飞桥同南天门相连，浑然一体。中楼上层塑的太白金星像，肃穆尊严;中层塑的观音像，宁静慈善;下层绘的二十八宿，各展风采。最后，是分上中下三层而设的五岳玉皇、圣母宝殿。下层正面是五岳庙，东有三宫殿，西有祖师殿;中层正中塑有玉皇像，后楼为大成殿，祀孔子;上层正面为瑶池宫，东西两侧为三教宫。三殿底层东西两侧的文武楼别是一番景色：文楼塑文昌，身骑四不象怪兽;武楼塑关公，骑赤兔追风马。文武楼下层的龙王宫，塑四海龙王，神态各异，功力超群，令人敬慕。砖牌坊下面的地狱宫，绘满了各种怪像，或青面红发，或锯齿獠牙，或面目狰狞，或神态从容……整个绘画想象丰富，结构严谨，色彩鲜艳，笔法细腻，显示了民间艺人不同凡响的高超技艺。
十分可惜，高庙1700多个彩塑造像和大量彩画在动荡年代，遭到了破坏，如今，虽补塑了不少彩像，但远不及矣!
高庙的主要建筑都位于一条中轴线上。层层相因，逐步增高;辅助建筑位于两侧，均衡对称。在仅
20xx余平方米的高台上，建筑了近百间九脊歇山、四角攒尖、十字歇山、将军盔顶等各种类型、不同风格的殿宇。整个建筑群重楼叠阁，亭廊相连，飞檐相啄，回环曲折，紧凑而富于变化，真是宁夏古建筑中的杰作。
宁夏旅游导游词篇八
古城中卫城北建在接连城墙的高台上的雄伟古建筑——高庙，格外引人注目。高庙，始建于明永乐年间，称“新庙”。
清康熙四十八年(公元1720xx年)秋，因地震坍塌重建，后经道光二年、咸丰三年、光绪八年续建，改称“玉皇阁”。民国初年增建后，改称“高庙”，建筑面积达2510平方米，是一处造型完整、气魄壮美的古建筑群。
高庙坐北朝南。前院为保安寺，进入山门，耀眼的单檐歇山顶大雄宝殿正面屹立;两侧厢房、地藏宫、三霄宫和3座配殿各具特色。保安寺后就是高庙主体建筑。沿24级青砖铺砌的台阶而上，高庙砖雕牌坊耸立眼前。牌坊立的一幅对联十分有趣。上联是：儒释道之度我度他皆从这里;下联是：天地人之自造自化尽在此间;横批是：无上法桥。过南天门，达中楼。
中楼灵巧别致，六角三重檐四面坡顶分三层叠合。途中两侧有东西天池和砖砌天池，分别有飞桥同南天门相连，浑然一体。中楼上层塑的太白金星像，肃穆尊严;中层塑的观音像，宁静慈善;下层绘的二十八宿，各展风采。最后，是分上中下三层而设的五岳玉皇、圣母宝殿。下层正面是五岳庙，东有三宫殿，西有祖师殿;中层正中塑有玉皇像，后楼为大成殿，祀孔子;上层正面为瑶池宫，东西两侧为三教宫。三殿底层东西两侧的文武楼别是一番景色：文楼塑文昌，身骑四不象怪兽;武楼塑关公，骑赤兔追风马。文武楼下层的龙王宫，塑四海龙王，神态各异，功力超群，令人敬慕。砖牌坊下面的地狱宫，绘满了各种怪像，或青面红发，或锯齿獠牙，或面目狰狞，或神态从容……整个绘画想象丰富，结构严谨，色彩鲜艳，笔法细腻，显示了民间艺人不同凡响的高超技艺。
十分可惜，高庙1700多个彩塑造像和大量彩画在动荡年代，遭到了破坏，如今，虽补塑了不少彩像，但远不及矣!
高庙的主要建筑都位于一条中轴线上。层层相因，逐步增高;辅助建筑位于两侧，均衡对称。在仅
20xx余平方米的高台上，建筑了近百间九脊歇山、四角攒尖、十字歇山、将军盔顶等各种类型、不同风格的殿宇。整个建筑群重楼叠阁，亭廊相连，飞檐相啄，回环曲折，紧凑而富于变化，真是宁夏古建筑中的杰作。
宁夏旅游导游词篇九
出银川南门广场西行二里许，一座具有鲜明伊斯兰风格的建筑物--银川南关清真大寺，便矗立在你的眼前。
仰首望去，礼拜大殿上一组浑厚饱满的绿色穹窿圆顶，宛若披着绿色盖头的五姐妹，丰姿绰绰，亭亭玉立。
仔细分辨，个个以宝瓶装饰，浑圆光洁。中间的穹项高22米，顶端悬挂一弯月形灯，四个小穹项分别立于东南西北四角，玲珑别致。
穹顶下二楼是礼拜大殿，五道拱门向东方敞开--中国的清真寺门都向东开，穆斯林进门礼拜，面向西方，那是穆斯林朝觐圣地麦加的方位。大殿底层是小礼拜殿、接待室和阿訇住房。回廊相连，宽敞明亮。
沿着弧形楼梯拾级而上，来到大殿前水磨石地面的月台。月台围绕大殿，南北延伸，舒展而不局促，节日期间也可供礼拜用，是礼拜殿向室外的延伸。大殿与月台之间事实一道汉白玉贴面的双心圆券柱廊，它是穆斯林礼拜出人大殿时脱鞋穿鞋的地方。穿过柱廊进入大殿，宽敞圣洁的大殿一派肃穆的气氛。殿堂呈正方形，长宽各21米，可容千人礼拜。大殿中部有四根绿色瓷砖饰面的方柱，支承上面的大穹顶。方柱与穹顶底部衔接的一段圆柱体称鼓座，鼓座上方开24扇高窗，加上大殿南北两侧各开的6扇大窗，使得大殿八方来风，四面进光，清爽明亮。向外张望，视野开阔，仿佛矗立于宽广舒展的绿色原野。大殿正面的西墙中间，设置"米哈拉布"窑(礼拜者面向的地方)，装饰庄重而精巧，采用晶莹洁白的汉白玉构成多圆心的复叶形壁龛图案，其上镌刻经文，简洁舒畅。整个大殿的墙面用穆斯林喜爱的绿色涂饰，与汉白玉券柱深浅对比，浓淡映衬，给人以典雅、舒适、和谐、明洁之感。
作为银川城区的一个回民聚居的地区--南关，原也有一座清真寺，始建于1920xx年，解放后于1953年扩建修葺，成为一个大殿63间、占地20余亩的大寺，其规模居当时银川七寺之首，不幸在动乱年代被当作"四旧"涤荡了。十一届三中全会后南关寺得以重建。这座建筑面积1300多平方米的新清真寺，从设计、施工到竣工，仅用了半年多时间。设计之巧，建造之快，质量之好，实属罕见。
宁夏旅游导游词篇十
dear tourists
the beautiful and rich yinchuan is the first oasis developed in hetao areaof the yellow river. in the han dynasty, the measures of dredging canals andcultivating farmland were carried out here, and water conservancy projects suchas hanyanqu were built. in the tang dynasty, yinchuan had the reputation of"south of the yangtze river". since the ming and qing dynasties, the folk sayingof "the yellow river enriches ningxia" has spread all over jiuzhou. the ancientdangxiang people have created a dazzling xixia culture here, and the industrioushui people are constantly striving for self-improvement, showing colorful folkcustoms. yinchuan is an important city in the northwest border of china, thecapital of ningxia hui autonomous region, and one of the famous historical andcultural cities in china. it has a long and splendid history, profound culturalheritage, endless stories and endless beautiful scenery. today, let's go intoyinchuan and feel the magic charm of this ancient frontier fortress city!
tourists, yinchuan city is located in the hetao plain formed by thealluvial of the yellow river, facing the yellow river in the east, with flat andopen terrain; the helan mountain in the west, adjacent to the mountains of alxaleft banner in inner mongolia; the qingtongxia gorge in the south; and pingluocounty in the north. the total area of the city is 3499 square kilometers, andthe urban area is 1277 square kilometers. it has jurisdiction over threecounty-level districts of urban area, new urban area and suburb, and twocounties of yongning and helan. according to statistics, by the end of 20__, thecity's total population was about 1039100. yinchuan is a multi-ethnic area,inhabiting 25 ethnic groups, such as hui, han, manchu, mongolian and korean. itis also a city where the hui population is concentrated, with about 223100 huipeople.
it is said that a long time ago, seven sisters of phoenix lived in thesouth of the yangtze river, bringing happiness to people. among them, theyoungest seven sisters came to ningxia, where the land is thin and the peopleare poor, and opened a canal to divert water, bringing the scenery of the southof the yangtze river. later, in order to prevent the invasion of alien tribes,fenghuang qimei became a city to protect the people in ningxia, which was lateryinchuan. now, "phoenix city" has become the reputation of yinchuan.
yinchuan is flat and open. the terrain trend is gradually inclined fromsouthwest to northeast. "helan is the screen, the yellow river is around, thefertile fields are thousands of miles, and the lakes are inlaid" is the featureof yinchuan landform pattern. yinchuan terrain is divided into mountain andplain. in the west is helan mountain, which forms a trapezoidal shape andgradually decreases from the south of quanqigou, with an altitude of 20__-2500meters. the main peak, aobaogeda, is 3556 meters. it is a natural barrier toprevent the cold air and sandstorm from driving into the northwest. in the eastis the yellow river alluvial plain. the yellow river flows from 16 kilometerseast of yinchuan city to 30 degrees south of the city to shizuishan, with atransit length of 78.4 kilometers and a water surface of 124700 mu, forming avast and boundless alluvial plain of the yellow river, in which there arehundreds of fertile fields, ditches, lush vegetation, scattered with hundreds oflakes and marshes, including the famous "72 lian lake". since ancient times, ithas been the main agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheryproduction area.
yinchuan is located in the middle temperate arid climate zone, whichbelongs to the middle temperate continental climate. the main features are: lessrain and snow, strong evaporation, sufficient sunshine, moderate heat, strongwind and sand; cold in winter, hot in summer, short and changeable in an is located in the northwest inland, far from the sea, coupled with adry climate, less rainfall and long sunshine, so most of the year is ing to statistics, the annual sunshine time is 17.5 hours more than thatof "sunshine city" lhasa.
the temperature difference between day and night in yinchuan is very large,with an average daily temperature difference of 13.1-14.4 degrees in the wholeyear. this continental climate, coupled with the unique natural conditions, isvery suitable for the growth of all kinds of crops. it is easy to store thesugar content of melons and fruits, and the sugar content of melons and fruitsis 15% - 20% higher than that of central plains. according to the records ofshuijingzhu written by li daoyuan, a famous geographer in the northern weidynasty, yinchuan plain was called "guocheng" as early as 1500 years ago. it isrich in peach, plum, apricot, jujube, apple, grape and watermelon. the fruit isbig, sweet, tender and colorful. yinchuan has been planting rice for more than2100 years. after careful cultivation and improvement by the working people,yinchuan's rice has become a famous variety in china. the main food crops arewheat, buckwheat, white pea and so on. vegetables are ningxia cabbage, pepper,tomato, scallion. in addition, fern, seabuckthorn and honey are alsowell-known.
there are many soil types and diverse vegetation in yinchuan area. theforest covers an area of one million mu, half of which are plantations,including timber forest, shelter forest and fruit forest. with the developmentof afforestation and other greening projects, the forest area and greening areaare increasing year by year. in 1988, the state council approved helan mountainas a national forest nature reserve with wildlife types. there are 183000 mu ofnatural secondary forest and 177 species of wildlife on the mountain, including16 species of rare animals under state protection.
yinchuan is located in the north of the depression belt in the westernmargin of ordos, with rich mineral resources. the mineral products stored in thehelanshan section of yinchuan are mainly coal, hematite, limestone, dolomite,apatite, quartz sandstone, diabase, ceramic clay, etc., which provide favorableconditions for the development of metallurgy, chemical industry, buildingmaterials and other industries in yinchuan, especially the high storage ofphosphate rock.
yinchuan has a long history. as early as 20__ years ago in the period ofemperor wu of han dynasty, it was the habitat of xiongnu, xianbei and othernomadic peoples. with the development of the yellow river irrigation area, somecastles have sprung up in yinchuan plain. at that time, the castles, which werecalled yinhan city, were the predecessor of yinchuan city. yinchuan county wasestablished in the northern and southern dynasties in the three years of jiande(574), which was called huaiyuan county. in 1020 ad, li deming, the leader ofdangxiang nationality, moved here and changed to xingzhou. in 1038, the capitalof xixia was established here, which lasted 189 years. after the change ofdynasties, it was renamed zhongxingfu, ningxia, ningxia fu and ningxia city. itwas not until 1945 that yinchuan city was established.
the term "yinchuan" comes from the description of this section of theyellow river and its coastal plain irrigation area as "yinchuan" in the lateming dynasty. this famous cultural city with a long history of more than 1000years is characterized by xixia culture. xixia mausoleum scenic spot is anational key scenic spot. helan mountain nature reserve is a national key naturereserve. xixia mausoleum, baisikou twin pagoda and haibao pagoda are the keycultural relics protection units in china. yinchuan is one of the mostattractive cities in western china because of its attractive water scenery,peculiar scenery of saishang and colorful hui customs.
tourists, yinchuan city is divided into three parts: the old city, the newcity and the new city. the old city was formerly ningxia fucheng in the qingdynasty, about 15 kilometers east of the yellow river. both the regionalgovernment and the municipal people's government are located here. it is also acommercial district. the new city is located in the east of the railway station,7.5 kilometers away from the old city in the east. it was developed on the basisof the new manchu city where qianlong lived in the qing dynasty. after 1958, anew urban area was built on the vast desert grassland to the west of baotoulanzhou railway. once upon a time, in yinchuan city, except for the drum tower,yuhuangge, nanmenlou and other ancient buildings, most of them were low yellowmud adobe houses. nowadays, the ancient and new appearance of yinchuan citycomplement each other. around those ancient buildings, there are many modernbuildings. at night, the lights are bright, the neon lights are flashing, andthe broad streets are full of light. when you enter yinchuan, you can enjoy thebeauty of ningxia's unique tradition and the present. this ancient frontierfortress city is welcoming guests from all over the world with a newattitude.